The article is devoted to political development of transitional societies on post-Soviet area in the case of Georgia. In 1991–2010, the functioning of the political system in Georgia was marked by widespread dysfunction and characterized by low efficiency on basic parameters. Growing dysfunction in main areas of the political system (distribution of resources, system of political management, mechanisms of political participation and political representation) is a prerequisite for its destabilization. The greater the number of parameters of the political system demonstrate dysfunctional characteristics, the higher the level of instability of the political system is and the lower degree of its stability is. Dysfunction of resource distribution in Georgian society is permanent throughout the period of its independent political development, which is evidenced in low socio-economic welfare, as well as a high degree of social stratification. The system of political control of Georgia during the period under review remained the most significant source of instability of the political system of Georgia. Low institutionality of the political system in general and virtual lack of horizontal division of powers in particular makes this factor strengthened. Dysfunction of the political participation in Georgian society was evident in bursts of unconventional political activity, which usually accompanied change of political rule in the country. Political parties and the party system as a mechanism of representation are characterized by low efficiency, which suggests existence of dysfunction of political representation of interests in Georgia. Political parties focus on achieving consolidation and legitimization of the ruling political elites, while the function of political representation of the interests of society is weak. The political system of Georgia demonstrated all four dysfunction in different combinations, which in some cases took the form of a crisis. Improving the efficiency of the political system of Georgia, overcoming its system instability should be implemented gradually in all functional areas, ranging from optimization of distribution of resources in the society to qualitative change of the system of political management.