The Arbitrazh courts are special Russian jurisdictions for economic disputes between legal persons. This article focuses on their role in the system of relations with government agencies. The mechanism of “the mobilization of law” by various economic actors is described. Further the idea about the key role of the court decision in studying judicial activities is theoretically grounded. The paper examines the case-study of competition between different power institutions (including Arbitrazh courts) for the “extra-simple” economic lawsuits. In conclusion reasons of success of Arbitrazh courts in the competition with various government agencies are analysed.