In theory and practice multiculturalism is seen as a tendency that involves both preservation of cultural authenticity and specific features of all ethno-cultural groups, and contact and participation of all groups in a large pluralistic society. On the basis of relevant factors of development of autochthonous communities in Asian part of Russia the authors introduce the concept “Siberian multiculturalism”. Psychological background for successful multiculturalism development is identified. It includes all-round acceptance of cultural diversity as a great value for the society, relatively low level of negative hetero-stereotypes, lack of discrimination, favorable attitude among ethno-confessional groups and their sense of affiliation with a larger society and identification of every person with it (stage of civil identity). In such Russian regions as a Baikal region multiculturalism makes it possible to recognize cultural authenticity of local peoples, limiting at the same time particular ethnic group claims on exclusive rights on possession of the territory.