This artical considers gnostical study of the concept «sufism».The author educes ethimological and philosophical definithions of the concept with regard to its polysemy. Moreover, the author investigates historical aspects of sufism, highlighting the beginning of the XIXth century when it became widespread within Dagestan territory. Due to further military activities in the Caucasus region, sufism expansion was more consolidated. The author emphasizes the ethics of Islam that is based on the culture of tolerance and humbleness. Besides, the author highlights the reasons of politicization of Islam. The author reveals the complicated character of genesis of the concept «sufism».