A wide variety of problems of contemporary studies of the Russian revolutions of 1917 are analyzed. Scientific and political factors of their assessment and reception are studied. The author examines the origins and reasons of the Russian revolutionary process, present discussions of the “optimists” and “pessimists”, events development from February to October 1917. A mixture of factors, which led to the Russian revolutionary movement radicalization in 1917 and Bolsheviks’s taking over, are considered.