The results of empirical comparative study of cultural and historical basis of perception (a world view technique) of shamanists and Orthodox Christians of the Baikal region are considered. This method is applied to the research of ethno-religious specific character of perception for the first time. Ethno-confessional aspects of perception of world view at the level of a nuclear (axiological) layer are revealed. The analysis and interpretation of the results is done with due consideration of the regional aspects of living conditions influencing the results.